Istanbul
istanbul-city-pictures-turkeyportal
istanbul-city-pictures-turkeyportal
istanbul-city-pictures-turkeyportal
istanbul-city-pictures-turkeyportal
istanbul-city-pictures-turkeyportal
istanbul-city-pictures-turkeyportal
istanbul-city-pictures-turkeyportal
istanbul-city-pictures-turkeyportal
istanbul-city-pictures-turkeyportal
istanbul-city-pictures-turkeyportal
istanbul-city-pictures-turkeyportal
istanbul-city-pictures-turkeyportal
Istanbul is one of the most beutiful cities of the world and it had been the capital city of two great emperorship such as the Byzantines and the Ottomans for the passing history. It has comprised more than 500 important historical works. Istanbul now is the leading city of Turkish economy. It has been founded by Megaras in 657 – 658 B.C. The city then had been called with the name of his founder King Bizas. This word had transformd into Byzantion and Byzans for centuries. According to the legend; the first settlement of Istanbul has been located on Sarayburnu Hill which is one of the seven hills of Europe side.
It has enlarged fastly within a short period of time and has become a very important trade center. The city had been captured by Persians in 583 B.C. Afterwards, in 326 A.C. it had been declared as the capital city of East Roman Empire by Constantin the Great and it had been called with the name of its Emperor as “Constantinopolis”. In XI. Century, the Crusades which had been propagated by the aim of capturing the secret lands from the hands of Moslems, had continued three hundred years.
During the Crusade realized in 1204 Byzans had taken under control by European Knights. This period is the time that Byzans had been fired and destroyed. When Crusaders had returned their homes, they have left a destroyed city behind. In this period, the Byzantines and of course Constantinopolis have started to loose its richness and prestige. Afterwards, the Ottomans had noticed this weakness of the Byzantines. Then. they have prepared their army left from capital city Edirne and they have reached at the front side of Istanbul ramparts. The siege had started on 5 April 1453 and finished on 29 May 1453. The Ottoman Emperor Prince II. Mehmet who would been later called as “Fatih” (the conqueror) have presented the İslambol name to the city. This word has turned into “Istanbul” by the passing time. In the period of Kanuni Sultan Suleyman; the Ottoman Empire had lived its golden age. Great architect and scientist Mimar Sinan had equipped the city with mosques, medressehs, tombs, fountains, masjids and some other perfect buildings. In a similar way, the Ottoman society leaders have considered the birds as so important existences, so that they have constructed bird houses on the facade walls of mosques and fountains in order to create living buildings for the birds. Among these bird houses, we could count the ones on tomb of Prince III. Mustafa in Laleli, on Sultan Valide Cedid Mosque in Uskudar, on Eyup Sultan Camii m Eyup, on Yeni Mosque in Eminonu, on Ayazma Mosque on again Uskudar as examples. These bird houses could be seen on the Ottoman buildings in other cities. For example. Scyh Fountain in Kayseri dated to XVII. Century, Sultan Beyazit Mosque in Nigde may be counted as examples. After the Ottoman Empire had disappeared; Ankara have-become the capital city of Turkish Republic in 1923, however, Istanbul, as in before, have continued to be the largest industrial and economical center of Turkey. It is also an important touristical place.
